The Neuroscience and Neurotoxicology program focuses on environmentally linked neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s), environmental toxicology, neuropharmacology (human beings, animals, parasites), drug abuse, spinal muscular atrophy, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), retinal degeneration, and learning/memory, ranging from disease mechanisms to novel therapies. Investigators in the program are well funded by NIH. Clinical, diagnostic, and interventional neurology also includes small animal, wildlife, and hoof stock/bovine species.